A balloon is a lighter-than-air aircraft that does not move with the help of motors, but when the air in the dome heated. The balloon always flies in the direction of the wind. That is, where the wind blows, and as much as the wind blows. In summer, as a rule, they fly in hot air balloons early in the morning (5.00 – 9.00), until the thermals (vertical air currents) start, and in the evening (18.00 – 21.00), when the thermals calm down. In autumn – spring, morning flights start a little later (8:00 am), and evening flights – a little earlier (at 4:00 pm).
On average, a hot air balloon flight lasts about an hour, although from a technical point of view it can last 2-3 or more hours. In an hour, the balloon flies on average 10 – 20 kilometers.
The balloon can rise to an altitude of more than 10 km, but at an altitude of 3 km, a person no longer has enough oxygen. Therefore, balloons, as a rule, fly low.
Подготовка к полету
Balloon control begins with careful preparation for the flight. First, the pilot learns meteorological information. With the goal of the flight, knowing the direction and speed of the wind, the pilot plans the flight path. Since the meteorological situation is constantly changing, it is impossible to accurately plan a flight or landing site. Therefore, when choosing a launch site, the pilot must always assess whether there are sufficient areas in the direction of flight for the safe landing of the balloon.
If a flight over a city planned, the balloon pilot must have a self-government permit. And before the flight, the pilot must submit his flight plan to the Flight Control Service.
Flights over the city are also specific in that air traffic control services are provided here. Therefore, the pilot must carefully prepare his maps. And the details of the flight must be coordinated with the flight control service.
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